Journal of Administration and Management Sciences

GREEN MARKETING PRACTICES AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY BY FAST MOVING CONSUMERS’ GOODS COMPANIES IN CALABAR, NIGERIA.

2026-07-16T00:33:15+01:00

The study was on green marketing practices and environmental sustainability by fast moving consumers’ goods companies in Calabar Metropolis. The main objective was to determine the effect of green marketing practices on environmental sustainability by fast moving consumers’ goods companies in Calabar. The study used cross sectional survey research and the sample size was 440. The study used stratified sampling technique with simple random sampling method to administer the instrument randomly on the respondents. The study used multiple regression analysis to test the stated hypotheses. The findings of the study indicate that both green products and green packaging were associated with environmental sustainability while it was surprising to note that green promotions was not significant to environmental sustainability. This could be attributed to high level of low awareness and lack of knowledge on environmental issues and sustainability approach among consumers in Calabar. The study recommended among others, the strengthening of aggressive green promotional campaign to create awareness and enlightenment among consumers in the Calabar area.

Keywords: Green Marketing, Green Packaging, Green Promotion, Green Product, Environmental Sustainability.

CUSTOMER SERVICE QUALITY AND SERVICE DELIVERY EFFICIENCY OF LOGISTIC FIRMS IN CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE

2026-07-16T00:33:08+01:00

This study examined the effect of customer service quality on service delivery efficiency of logistics firms in Calabar, Cross River State. Specifically, the study investigated the influence of staff quality, equipment quality, service delivery time, and service accuracy on service delivery efficiency. A survey research design was adopted, and data were collected from staff and customers of five selected logistics firms using structured questionnaires and interviews. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings revealed that staff quality, equipment quality, service delivery time, and service accuracy have significant positive effects on service delivery efficiency. The regression results showed that service accuracy was the strongest predictor of efficiency, followed by staff quality, equipment quality, and service delivery time. The study concluded that effective human resources, modern logistics technologies, timely deliveries, and accurate order fulfillment are critical determinants of service delivery efficiency. The study recommended staff training, technological investment, improved scheduling, and strengthened quality control measures.

Keywords: Customer Service Quality; Service Delivery Efficiency; Staff Quality; Equipment Quality; Service Delivery Time; Logistics Firms.

DISTRIBUTED RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND RURAL ELECTRIFICATION ACCESS IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA: EVIDENCE FROM A BINARY LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL

2026-07-17T06:45:01+01:00

Access to reliable and affordable electricity remains a critical development challenge in rural communities across South-South Nigeria, despite significant renewable energy endowments. This study investigates the determinants of household electricity access in rural local government areas (LGAs) of the South-South geopolitical zone, with particular emphasis on distributed renewable energy technologies, specifically solar mini-grids and solar home systems (SHS). Drawing on a cross-sectional dataset of 290 rural LGAs and employing a binary logistic regression model, the study examines how renewable energy investment (REI), mini-grid installed capacity (MGC), SHS adoption rates, and a composite policy support index (PSI) influence the probability of having access to electricity. Control variables include population density (PD), mean household income (HI), and proximity to the national grid (GP). Results indicate that REI, MGC, SHS, and PSI are statistically significant positive predictors of electricity access. At the same time, grid proximity exerts a significant negative effect, confirming that geographic remoteness reduces the probability of access but that distributed technologies meaningfully attenuate this disadvantage. The model achieved an Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) of 0.891 and an overall classification accuracy of 82.4%, demonstrating strong predictive power. Findings underscore the strategic imperative for Nigeria’s energy policy framework to prioritise the deployment of distributed renewable energy, strengthen the Rural Electrification Fund, and align state-level energy policies with the Electricity Act 2023 to accelerate universal electricity access in off-grid communities.

Keywords: rural electrification; solar mini-grids; solar home systems; binary logistic regression; energy policy; Nigeria; distributed generation; renewable energy investment; South-South Nigeria

EXPERIENTIAL MARKETING AND CUSTOMER LOYALTY TOWARDS MOBILE TECHNOLOGY GADGET DEALERS IN CALABAR, NIGERIA

2026-07-16T00:33:10+01:00

This study examined experiential marketing and customer loyalty among mobile technology gadget dealers in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. It was motivated by observable challenges in the retail gadget sector where customer experience is often not sufficiently supported by structured experiential practices, despite increasing competition and rising customer expectations. The specific objective was to assess the effects of sensory store design, product trial experience, and after-sales service on customer loyalty. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted, and primary data were collected from 317 customers of mobile technology gadget dealers in Calabar using a structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression with the aid of SPSS (version 26). The findings revealed that sensory store design, product trial experience, and after-sales service each have significant positive effects on customer loyalty. This indicates that customers are more likely to demonstrate trust, repeat patronage, and referral behaviour when dealers provide engaging store environments, opportunities for hands-on product interaction, and reliable post-purchase support.

Keywords: Experiential Marketing, Sensory Store Design, Product Trial Experience, After-Sales Service, Customer Loyalty, Mobile Technology Gadget Dealers.

ASSESSING THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE HOSPITALITY PRACTICE AND ECO-TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

2026-07-16T00:10:49+01:00

This paper examined the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in fostering sustainable hospitality practices and eco-tourism development in Nigeria. This study applied the descriptive survey research design. Data was collected from the field using structured online questionnaires distributed through Google Forms and WhatsApp platform from 384 respondents. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation and regression analysis. The findings indicated that AI application leads to increased operational efficiency, effective energy regulation, enhanced customer satisfaction, environmental protection, and sustainable marketing of tourism in Nigeria. The research also reveals that there is a significant positive relationship between AI adoption and the development of sustainable hospitality and eco-tourism in Nigeria (r= 0.842, p < 0.05). Poor infrastructure, high implementation cost, and insufficient technical manpower were found as some of the challenges in the adoption of AI in the country’s tourism and hospitality sector. Therefore, to effectively promote sustainable hospitality practice and eco-tourism in Nigeria through AI, appropriate policy frameworks and technological infrastructure should be developed and strengthened.

Keywords: Artificiality, Intelligence, Sustainability, Hospitality, Technology.

SERVICE FIRM EXPERIEMENTAL MARKETING AND BRAND LOYALTY OF CUSTOMERS

2026-07-16T00:33:12+01:00

The study examined experiential marketing influence on brand loyalty of customer among service firms in Cross River State. It was motivated by the increasing challenges faced by service firms in maintaining customer loyalty amidst growing competition, changing customer preferences, and declining customer retention rates. The set objectives include determining the influence of customer engagement, brand experience, emotional connection, event marketing, and customer participation on customer loyalty among service firms in the study environment. In the study, survey research design was used. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were employed to present and analyze data, and test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance using the SPSS. Findings revealed that customer engagement, brand experience, emotional connection, event marketing, and customer participation all have significant positive influences on customer loyalty among service firms in Cross River State. Emotional connection has the greatest influence on customer loyalty. Based on these outcome, it was recommended that service firms should strengthen customer engagement strategies, improve brand experiences, develop emotional connection programmes, organize experiential marketing events, and encourage active customer participation in order to enhance customer loyalty and long-term organizational sustainability.

Keywords: Service Firms, Experiemental Marketing, Brand Loyalty, Customer Engagement, Brand Experience, Emotional Connection, Event Marketing.

FROM CONFLICT TO DEVELOPMENT: EXPLORING NONVIOLENT APPROACHES TO COMMUNAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION IN YAKKUR LOCAL COUNCIL, NIGERIA

2026-07-16T00:33:05+01:00

Communal disputes remain a recurring challenge to social stability, security, and sustainable development in many parts of Nigeria, often resulting in great mortality, property destructions, and disruption of community development and relations. This study explored non-violent options for the settlement of communal disputes in Yakurr Local Council of Cross River State, Nigeria, with particular focus on government intervention and traditional institutions intervention. The study which hinges on the Protracted Social Conflict Theory and adopted a survey research design. Findings revealed a significant relationship between government intervention and the settlement of communal disputes, indicating the importance of timely and impartial state involvement in conflict management. The study further established that traditional institutions play a significant role in dispute resolution by promoting dialogue, social cohesion, and peaceful coexistence within communities. The study concludes that sustainable peace in communal settings is more achievable when government agencies and traditional institutions collaboratively intervene in conflict prevention and resolution. Consequently, the study recommends impartial government intervention and proactive engagement of traditional leaders in peacebuilding to enhance the effectiveness of non-violent dispute settlement mechanisms.

Keywords: Communal disputes, nonviolence, government intervention, traditional institutions.

TRADE PROMOTION AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED BEVERAGE COMPANIES IN CALABAR METROPOLIS

2026-07-16T00:33:14+01:00

This study examined trade promotion and organizational performance in the beverage industry, with specific reference to selected beverage companies in Calabar Metropolis. The study was motivated by the persistent underperformance of beverage firms despite increasing investment in promotional activities, and the absence of robust empirical evidence linking specific trade promotion strategies to measurable organizational performance outcomes in the Nigerian context. Four independent variables were examined: sales force promotion, consumer promotion, trade allowances, and point-of-purchase promotion. The dependent variable was organizational performance, operationalized through market share growth, revenue generation, customer retention, and profitability indices. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population comprised distributors, retailers, and marketing staff of selected beverage companies in Nigerian. A sample of 330 respondents was used, and administered through stratified random sampling. Data were collected with a structured, validated, and reliable questionnaire (Cronbach’s Alpha ≥ 0.70 for all constructs) and analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation, and multiple linear regression via SPSS version 25.0. Findings revealed that all four trade promotion dimensions exert positive and statistically significant effects on organizational performance. Point-of-purchase promotion emerged as the strongest predictor (β = 0.349; p < 0.05), followed by consumer promotion (β = 0.301), sales force promotion (β = 0.247), and trade allowances (β = 0.198). The regression model was statistically significant (F = 52.417; p < 0.001) and accounted for 65.3% of variance in organizational performance (R² = 0.653; Adjusted R² = 0.648). The study concludes that well-designed and consistently executed trade promotion activities are critical drivers of organizational performance in the Nigerian beverage industry. It was then recommended that beverage companies should invest strategically in point-of-purchase display systems, differentiated consumer promotion campaigns, channel-specific trade allowances, and sustained sales force motivation programmes, to improve competitive performance outcomes.

Keywords: Trade Promotion, Sales Force Promotion, Consumer Promotion, Trade Allowances, Point-of-Purchase Promotion, Organizational Performance.

EXPLORING THE ROLE OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN PROMOTING CULTURAL EXCHANGE AND INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT IN CALABAR METROPOLIS, NIGERIA

2026-07-16T00:33:07+01:00

The paper focuses on the importance of sustainable tourism in facilitating cultural interactions and inclusive growth in Calabar Metropolis, Nigeria. With the application of the mixed method, the study was able to gather its data from the survey techniques involving 400 questionnaires, Focus Group Discussion, and Key Informant Interviews to evaluate the levels of sociality and economicity of the impacts brought about by the forces of tourism to the area. The quantitative result, which involves descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, indicated the importance of tourism benefits on the residents, including their financial, cultural, and interactional contributions, especially in the context of Calabar Carnival, while the themes clearly justified the quantitative result by implying the benefits brought about by the forces of tourism, which are, however, hampered by the lack of infrastructure, lack of security, and the lack of coordination in the programmes initiated by the forces of tourism on the residents of the area.

Keywords: Sustainable tourism, Cultural exchange, Inclusive development, Calabar, Community participation, Policy framework

ORGANISATIONAL CLIMATE AND EMPLOYEE ATTITUDE TO WORK IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA

2026-08-04T20:18:17+01:00

Organizational climate is widely acknowledged as a critical determinant of employees' work attitudes, motivation, and commitment, particularly within public sector institutions. This study investigated the influence of organizational climate on employees' attitudes to work in the public service of Cross River State, Nigeria. The investigation was anchored on Resource Dependence Theory, Expectancy Theory, and Attribution Theory to explain the relationship between organizational conditions and employee behaviour. A survey research design was adopted for the study. From a target population of 4,112,445 individuals, a purposive sampling technique was employed to select 592 respondents. Data were collected using a structured instrument titled the Organizational Climate and Employee Attitude Questionnaire (OCEAQ), which demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.89. The collected data were analysed using multiple linear regression analysis. The findings revealed that organizational climate dimensions—namely organizational structure, organizational reward, and organizational support—jointly exerted a statistically significant influence on employees' attitudes to work in the public service (F = 56.200, p < 0.05). Based on these findings, the study recommends that public sector managers should establish flexible organizational structures and employee-centred policies capable of promoting innovation, commitment, and improved job performance.

Keywords: Organizational climate; organizational structure; organizational reward; organizational support; employee attitude to work.

EFFECT OF ECONOMIC PRESSURES ON THE SURVIVAL OF THE HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM INDUSTRY IN PORT HARCOURT

2026-07-16T00:33:09+01:00

A cross-sectional survey on economic pressures was conducted in selected hospitality and tourism firms to examine the extent to which high inflation, taxation, regulatory challenges, and security challenges affect the survival of the hospitality and tourism industry in Port Harcourt. A Resource-Based View (RBV) was adopted to guide the study. An EPSHTI-structured questionnaire was used to facilitate data collection. The data were analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics and multicollinearity with the variance inflation factor (VIF) to ascertain the accuracy of the dataset. A Multiple Regression Analysis was used to test the hypotheses, and the findings revealed that high inflation (Beta = 0.652, P<0.05), taxation, regulatory challenges (Beta = 0.633, P<0.05), and security concerns affect the survival of the hospitality and tourism industry in Port Harcourt (Beta = 0.626, P<0.05). The study concluded that economic diversification and job creation are driven by hospitality and tourism, where investment in tourism fosters the development of hotels, transportation networks, and amenities. It is recommended that the government commit to raising the interest rate to curb inflation and offer financial grants to help hospitality businesses manage rising operational expenses. That government should continuously addresses the hospitality and tourism challenges by streamlining tax structures to reduce multiple taxation, offering targeted tax incentives, and simplifying regulations for SMEs. The government also should commit to addressing insecurity in the country by strengthening law enforcement, engaging communities, and enforcing strict regulatory standards for security infrastructure

Keywords: Economic pressure, High inflation, Taxation, Regulatory challenges, Security challenges, Hospitality and Tourism

CALABAR SOUTH LOCAL COUNCIL DYSFUNCTIONAL FAMILIES AND JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA

2026-07-16T00:33:00+01:00

Recently, juvenile delinquency has been on the increase owing to sociological factors like broken homes, family instability, or family structure and many more. This study was on the destructed family and juvenile delinquency in Calabar South Local Council in the Cross River State of Nigeria. The study sought to examine how family instability influences juvenile delinquency in the study area. The study anchored on Social disorganisation theory by Clifford Shaw and Henry Mckay, as its theoretical underpinning. This inquiry adopted survey research technique which utilized questionnaire instrument, and adopted chi-square (X²) analytical tool for data analysis. Results show that family backgrounds have tremendous influence on juvenile delinquency in the study area. It also revealed that adolescents that are not raised properly by their parents tend to engage in anti-social behaviour. Hence, the recommendations that parents should endeavour to inculcate socially acceptable norms to their children so as to ensure orderly functioning of the society.

Key words: Delinquency, Juvenile, Destructed Family, Sociological Factors.

CORPORATE REPUTATION MANAGEMENT AND IMAGE MANAGEMENT OF THE CROSS RIVER STATE GOVERNMENT

2026-07-16T00:33:11+01:00

This study examined the influence of corporate reputation management and image management on stakeholder trust, public perception, and government credibility in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study adopted a mixed-methods case study design involving stakeholders drawn from the three senatorial districts of the state. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and key informant interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation, Multiple Regression Analysis, and thematic analysis. Findings revealed that stakeholders generally perceive the reputation of the Cross River State Government positively and that the government actively employs image management strategies such as media relations, social media communication, public enlightenment campaigns, and stakeholder engagement programmes. The study established a significant positive relationship between corporate reputation management and stakeholder trust and found that image management strategies significantly influence public perceptions of governance performance. The findings support Stakeholder Theory and demonstrate that reputation and image management are critical determinants of government credibility, public trust, and institutional legitimacy. The study concludes that transparency, accountability, stakeholder engagement, and strategic communication are essential for effective governance. Recommendations include strengthening strategic communication frameworks, expanding stakeholder engagement platforms, improving digital communication practices, and institutionalizing reputation monitoring mechanisms.

Keywords: Corporate Reputation Management, Image Management, Stakeholder Trust, Public Perception, Government Credibility, Governance.

PORT INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRAINTS AND PETROL SUPPLY IN CALABAR MUNICIPAL, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA

2026-07-16T00:33:03+01:00

Port infrastructure plays a pivotal role in the seamless importation and distribution of petroleum products, yet the Calabar port, a critical gateway for petrol supply in Cross River State, continues to suffer from severe structural and operational deficiencies that compromise fuel availability in Calabar Municipal. This study empirically investigated the effect of port infrastructure constraints on petrol supply adequacy in Calabar Municipal, Cross River State, Nigeria. Four dimensions of port infrastructure constraints were examined as independent variables: port infrastructure capacity (PIC), port operational efficiency (POE), regulatory compliance framework (RCF), and logistics and hinterland connectivity (LHC), with petrol supply adequacy (PSA) as the dependent variable. Anchored on the Theory of Constraints (Goldratt, 1984), Logistics Systems Theory, and the Resource Dependency Theory (Pfeffer & Salancik, 1978), the study adopted a descriptive survey design and administered structured questionnaires to 250 purposively selected respondents comprising port operators, fuel distributors, transport logistics managers, petroleum marketing company staff, and government regulatory officers in Calabar Municipal. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression via IBM SPSS Statistics version 25. Results revealed that PIC (β = -0.281, p < 0.001), POE (β = -0.257, p < 0.001), RCF (β = -0.214, p < 0.001), and LHC (β = -0.231, p < 0.001) all had significant negative effects on petrol supply adequacy, collectively explaining 55.2% of the variance (R² = 0.560, F = 77.84, p < 0.001). All four null hypotheses were rejected. The study concludes that port infrastructure constraints are a major systemic determinant of petrol supply inadequacy in Calabar Municipal and recommends urgent investment in port modernisation, operational automation, regulatory streamlining, and hinterland transport infrastructure to ensure energy supply security in the region.

Keywords: Port infrastructure, petrol supply, logistics constraints, Calabar port, petroleum distribution, Cross River State

EFFECT OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM PRACTICES ON DESTINATION COMPETITIVENESS IN CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA

2026-07-16T00:33:13+01:00

This study investigated the effect of sustainable tourism practices on destination competitiveness in Cross River State, Nigeria. It was prompted by the growing role of sustainable tourism in enhancing environmental conservation, cultural preservation, community development, and long-term tourism growth. Despite the state's tourism potential, challenges such as environmental degradation, inadequate infrastructure, poor waste management, insecurity, and limited community involvement hinder destination competitiveness. The study examined the effects of environmental sustainability, community participation, cultural heritage preservation, sustainable tourism infrastructure, and waste management on destination competitiveness. Using a survey design, data were collected from 300 tourism stakeholders through stratified and simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS with descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings showed that sustainable tourism practices significantly improve destination competitiveness. Environmental sustainability increased destination attractiveness and visitor satisfaction, while community participation supported tourism development and cultural preservation. Sustainable infrastructure enhanced accessibility and service quality, and effective waste management improved environmental conditions and destination image. The study concluded that sustainable tourism practices are vital for strengthening destination competitiveness and ensuring sustainable tourism development in Cross River State. It therefore recommends greater government investment in sustainable infrastructure, environmental protection, cultural heritage preservation, community engagement, and effective tourism policies.

Keywords: Sustainable tourism, destination competitiveness, environmental sustainability, community participation, cultural heritage preservation, Cross River State, Nigeria.

CRISIS RESPONSE STRATEGIES AND BRAND MANAGEMENT OF OIL AND GAS SECTOR IN NIGERIA: A CONCEPTUAL CRITICAL ANALYSIS

2026-07-16T00:33:06+01:00

This study examined the relationship between crisis response strategies and brand management in Nigeria’s oil and gas sector. This is motivated by the facts that the industry continues to face recurring crises such as oil spills, pipeline vandalism, community unrest, environmental degradation, and reputational controversies, which threaten operational stability and stakeholder confidence. Thus, the study aimed to investigate how effective crisis management strategies influence corporate reputation and brand sustainability within the sector. A qualitative documentary and critical analytical research design was adopted, using selected oil and gas companies in Nigeria, including Shell Plc., Chevron Nigeria Limited, and NNPC Limited, as illustrative case examples. Secondary data were sourced from scholarly journals, company reports, regulatory publications, archival documents, and media reports, while content analysis was employed for data interpretation. The study was anchored on Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), Stakeholder Theory, and Image Repair Theory. Findings revealed that proactive communication, stakeholder engagement, environmental remediation, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and transparent crisis management significantly enhanced organizational reputation, stakeholder trust, and long-term brand value. The study further established that organizations that respond promptly and responsibly to crises are more likely to sustain legitimacy and competitive advantage in the industry. It is, therefore, recommended that improved crisis preparedness, continuous stakeholder engagement, transparent communication practices, and stronger integration of brand management should be prioritized in the oil companies’ crisis response frameworks.

Keywords: Crisis Response Strategies, Reputation Management, Oil and Gas Companies, Proactive Communication, Stakeholder Engagement, Environmental Remediation.